Total Elbow Replacement
What Is Total Elbow Replacement?
Total elbow replacement, also called elbow arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure where the damaged parts of the elbow joint are replaced with artificial components. The elbow is a hinge joint formed by the humerus (upper arm bone), ulna, and radius (forearm bones). In this surgery, both sides of the joint are replaced with a metal-and-plastic prosthesis to relieve pain and restore movement.
When Is It Needed?
Your doctor may recommend total elbow replacement if you have:
- Severe arthritis (osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or post-traumatic arthritis).
- Complex elbow fractures that cannot be repaired with plates or screws.
- Persistent pain and stiffness that limit daily activities.
- Failed previous elbow surgeries.
The Procedure Step-by-Step
- Evaluation – X-rays and scans confirm the extent of damage.
- Anesthesia –General or regional anesthesia is given.
- Incision– The surgeon makes an incision to access the elbow joint.
- Removal– Damaged bone and cartilage are removed.
- Implant placement – Artificial components are inserted and linked with a hinge mechanism.
- Closure – The incision is closed, and recovery begins.
Recovery and Rehabilitation
- Hospital stay:Usually 2–3 days.
- Arm movement:Gentle exercises begin soon after surgery.
- Physiotherapy: Essential to restore strength and mobility.
- Return to activities: Daily activities resume in 6–12 weeks.
- Longevity: Modern implants often last 10–15 years, depending on activity level.
Benefits
- Significant pain relief.
- Improved elbow mobility and strength.
- Better quality of life and independence.
- Long-lasting results with modern implants.
Risks & Considerations
- Infection, blood clots, or implant loosening (rare).
- Nerve injury or stiffness.
- Revision surgery may be needed if the implant wears out over time.
- Heavy lifting is usually restricted after surgery to protect the implant.
Key Message for Patients
Total elbow replacement is a safe and effective surgery for patients with severe arthritis or complex fractures of the elbow. By replacing the damaged joint with an artificial prosthesis, the procedure relieves pain, restores mobility, and helps patients return to daily activities. With proper rehabilitation and lifestyle adjustments, most patients enjoy long-lasting results and improved quality of life.
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