Arthroscopic ACL Reconstruction (Primary)

What Is It?

Arthroscopic ACL reconstruction is a minimally invasive surgery used to repair a torn Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) in the knee. The ACL is one of the main ligaments that stabilizes your knee, and when it tears, it often causes pain, swelling, and instability. This surgery uses small incisions and a camera (arthroscope) to guide the surgeon in replacing the damaged ligament with a graft.

Why Is It Needed?

You may need ACL reconstruction if:

You have a complete ACL tear causing knee instability.
You experience repeated episodes of the knee “giving way.”
You want to return to sports or activities that require pivoting, jumping, or sudden stops.
Non-surgical treatments (like physiotherapy) have not restored stability.

The Procedure Step-by-Step

Preparation – Imaging and physical exams confirm the ACL tear.
Arthroscopy –A small camera is inserted into the knee to visualize the joint.
Graft selection – The torn ACL is replaced with a graft, usually taken from your hamstring, patellar tendon, or sometimes a donor tissue.
Tunnel creation – Small tunnels are drilled in the bone to anchor the graft in the correct position.
Fixation – The graft is secured with screws or other fixation devices.
Closure – Incisions are closed, and the knee is bandaged.

Recovery and Rehabilitation

Hospital stay:Usually same-day or overnight.
Rehabilitation:Physiotherapy begins soon after surgery to restore movement and strength.
Return to sports: Most patients return to sports within 6–9 months, depending on healing and rehab progress.
Outcome: With proper rehab, patients regain stability and can return to active lifestyles.

Benefits

Minimally invasive with smaller incisions.
Less pain and faster recovery compared to open surgery.
Restores knee stability and function.
Enables return to sports and daily activities.

Risks & Considerations

Infection, stiffness, or graft failure (rare).
Rehabilitation is crucial—without it, recovery may be incomplete.
Full recovery takes time and commitment to physiotherapy.

Key Message for Patients

Arthroscopic ACL reconstruction is a safe and effective way to restore knee stability after an ACL tear. With modern techniques, smaller incisions, and structured rehabilitation, most patients return to sports and active lifestyles with confidence.

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