Subtalar Fusion
What Is Subtalar Fusion?
Subtalar fusion, also called subtalar arthrodesis, is a surgical procedure where the subtalar joint (the joint between the talus and calcaneus bones in the foot) is permanently joined together. This eliminates painful motion in the joint while preserving stability and alignment of the foot. It is typically performed when the subtalar joint is severely damaged or arthritic.
When Is It Needed?
Your doctor may recommend subtalar fusion if you have:
- Severe subtalar arthritis (post-traumatic, osteoarthritis, or rheumatoid arthritis).
- Chronic pain in the hindfoot that does not improve with medications, injections, or physiotherapy.
- Instability or deformity of the subtalar joint.
- Failed previous foot surgeries.
The Procedure Step-by-Step
- Evaluation – X-rays or CT scans confirm the extent of damage.
- Anesthesia –General or regional anesthesia is given.
- Fusion – Damaged cartilage is removed, and the talus and calcaneus bones are joined using screws or plates.
- Healing– Over time, the bones grow together into one solid unit.
- Closure – The incision is closed, and recovery begins.
Recovery and Rehabilitation
- Hospital stay:Usually 1–2 days.
- Immobilization:A cast or boot is worn for 8–12 weeks.
- Weight-bearing: Often restricted until fusion is confirmed on X-rays.
- Physiotherapy: Focuses on strengthening and gait training.
- Return to activities: Daily activities resume in 3–6 months; full recovery may take up to 9–12 months.
Benefits
- Provides significant pain relief.
- Restores strength and stability to the hindfoot.
- Allows patients to return to daily activities without pain.
- Long-lasting results.
Risks & Considerations
- Loss of subtalar joint motion (fusion eliminates movement at this joint).
- Possible complications: infection, non-union (bones not fusing), or hardware irritation.
- Increased stress on nearby joints over time.
- Recovery requires patience and strict adherence to rehabilitation.
Key Message for Patients
Subtalar fusion is a safe and effective surgery for patients with severe subtalar arthritis or chronic hindfoot pain. By permanently joining the talus and calcaneus bones, the procedure eliminates pain and restores stability, though it sacrifices subtalar motion. With proper rehabilitation, most patients adapt well and enjoy long-term relief.
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