Wrist Arthroplasty

What Is Wrist Arthroplasty?

Wrist arthroplasty, also called wrist joint replacement, is a surgical procedure where the damaged wrist joint is replaced with an artificial implant. Unlike wrist fusion (arthrodesis), which permanently joins the wrist bones and eliminates motion, wrist arthroplasty aims to preserve movement while relieving pain.

When Is It Needed?

Your doctor may recommend wrist arthroplasty if you have:

Severe wrist arthritis (osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or post-traumatic arthritis).
Persistent pain and stiffness that limit daily activities.
Failure of non-surgical treatments such as medications, splints, or injections.
Desire to maintain wrist mobility rather than undergo fusion.

The Procedure Step-by-Step

Evaluation – X-rays and scans confirm the extent of joint damage.
Anesthesia –General or regional anesthesia is given.
Removal – Damaged bone and cartilage are removed from the wrist joint.
Implant placement – Artificial components (metal and plastic) are inserted to recreate the joint surfaces.
Closure – The incision is closed, and recovery begins.

Recovery and Rehabilitation

Hospital stay:Usually 1–2 days.
Immobilization:A splint or cast may be used for several weeks.
Physiotherapy: Essential to restore movement and strength.
Return to activities: Daily activities resume in 6–12 weeks; heavy work may take longer.
Longevity: Modern implants may last 10–15 years, depending on activity level.

Benefits

Relieves pain from severe arthritis.
Preserves wrist motion compared to fusion.
Improves function and independence.
Allows patients to perform daily tasks more comfortably.

Risks & Considerations

Implant loosening or wear over time.
Possible complications: infection, stiffness, or nerve injury.
Not suitable for patients with very high physical demands (heavy labor).
Revision surgery may be needed if the implant fails.

Key Message for Patients

Wrist arthroplasty is a safe and effective option for patients with severe wrist arthritis who want to relieve pain while maintaining movement. Unlike wrist fusion, it preserves mobility, helping patients return to daily activities with greater comfort. With proper rehabilitation, most patients achieve excellent long-term outcomes.

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