Menisectomy

What Is the Meniscus?

The meniscus is a C-shaped cartilage in the knee that acts as a cushion between the thighbone (femur) and shinbone (tibia). It helps absorb shock, stabilize the joint, and protect the knee from wear and tear. Each knee has two menisci – one on the inner side (medial) and one on the outer side (lateral).

What Is Meniscectomy?

Meniscectomy is a surgical procedure to remove part or all of a torn meniscus. It is usually performed arthroscopically (through small incisions using a camera and instruments). Unlike meniscus repair, which stitches the cartilage back together, meniscectomy removes the damaged tissue to relieve pain and restore knee function.

When Is It Needed?

Meniscectomy may be recommended if:

The meniscus tear is in a region with poor blood supply (unlikely to heal).
The tear is complex or degenerative and cannot be repaired.
You have persistent pain, swelling, or locking of the knee despite non-surgical treatments.
You are older or less active, and preserving the meniscus is not possible.

The Procedure Step-by-Step

Evaluation – MRI and physical exam confirm the type and location of the tear.
Arthroscopy – A small camera is inserted into the knee for visualization.
Removal – The damaged portion of the meniscus is trimmed away (partial meniscectomy) or, rarely, the entire meniscus is removed (total meniscectomy).
Closure – Small incisions are closed, and the knee is bandaged.

Recovery and Rehabilitation

Hospital stay: Usually same-day.
Weight bearing: Patients often walk within a day or two.
Physiotherapy: Helps restore movement and strengthen muscles.
Return to sports: Typically 4–6 weeks for partial meniscectomy; longer for total meniscectomy.

Benefits

Quick pain relief.
Faster recovery compared to meniscus repair.
Effective for tears that cannot be repaired.

Risks & Considerations

Removing meniscus tissue reduces cushioning in the knee.
Increases risk of arthritis in the long term, especially after total meniscectomy.
Possible complications: infection, stiffness, or persistent pain.

Key Message for Patients

Meniscectomy is a safe and effective option when a meniscus tear cannot be repaired. It provides quick relief and faster recovery, but because it removes cushioning tissue, there may be a higher risk of arthritis in the future. Your surgeon will decide whether repair or removal is best based on the type of tear and your lifestyle needs.

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