Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
What Is It?
Total shoulder arthroplasty, also called shoulder replacement surgery, is a procedure where the damaged parts of the shoulder joint are replaced with artificial components. The shoulder is a ball-and-socket joint, and in this surgery both the ball (humeral head) and the socket (glenoid) are replaced to relieve pain and restore movement.
Why Is It Needed?
Your doctor may recommend shoulder replacement if you have:
- Severe arthritis (osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or post-traumatic arthritis).
- Irreparable shoulder fractures.
- Persistent pain and stiffness that limit daily activities.
- Failure of non-surgical treatments such as medications, injections, or physiotherapy.
The Procedure Step-by-Step
- Evaluation – X-rays, scans, and physical exams confirm the extent of damage.
- Anesthesia –General or regional anesthesia is given.
- Incision – The surgeon makes an incision to access the shoulder joint.
- Removal – Damaged bone and cartilage are removed.
- Implant placement – A metal ball is attached to the upper arm bone (humerus), and a plastic socket is placed in the shoulder blade (scapula).
- Closure – The incision is closed, and recovery begins.
Recovery and Rehabilitation
- Hospital stay:Usually 2–3 days.
- Arm movement:Gentle exercises begin soon after surgery.
- Physiotherapy: Essential to restore strength and mobility.
- Return to activities: Most patients resume daily activities in 6–12 weeks.
- Longevity: Modern implants often last 15–20 years or more.
Benefits
- Significant pain relief.
- Improved shoulder mobility and strength.
- Better quality of life and independence.
- Long-lasting results with modern implants.
Risks & Considerations
- Infection, blood clots, or implant loosening (rare).
- Nerve injury or stiffness.
- Revision surgery may be needed if the implant wears out over time.
Key Message for Patients
Total shoulder arthroplasty is a safe and effective surgery for patients with severe shoulder arthritis or fractures. It relieves pain, restores mobility, and helps patients return to an active lifestyle. With proper care and rehabilitation, most patients enjoy long-lasting results and improved quality of life
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